In Vim, you can execute shell commands without leaving the editor by using the “:” command line. To do this, press “:” to enter command-line mode, then type “!”. After “!”, write your desired shell command and hit Enter. For instance, “:!ls” will list all files in the current directory. If you want to insert the output of a shell command into your document, use the “read” command followed by “!”. For example, “:read !ls” inserts the file list at the cursor’s position.
