View components in ASP.NET Core are reusable, self-contained UI elements that encapsulate logic and rendering. They promote modularity by separating concerns and can be invoked from views or layouts. Unlike partial views, view components have a dedicated class with an InvokeAsync method, allowing them to execute asynchronously and handle complex data processing.
Partial views, on the other hand, are simple templates without a dedicated class, suitable for static content or basic model binding. They lack the ability to run asynchronous code or perform complex operations.
In scenarios where you need to reuse complex UI logic across multiple views, view components are preferred due to their encapsulation of both logic and rendering. For simpler cases with minimal logic, partial views suffice as they provide a lightweight solution for reusing markup.
