Validation is a crucial tool in preventing SQL Injection attacks. It involves checking user input against expected patterns, ensuring it conforms to specific rules before processing. This can be achieved through several methods.
One method is using parameterized queries or prepared statements. These separate the data from the code, making it impossible for an attacker to manipulate the query structure. For example:
PreparedStatement ps = conn.prepareStatement("SELECT * FROM users WHERE username=?");
ps.setString(1, userInput);
ResultSet rs = ps.executeQuery();
Another approach is employing a web application firewall (WAF) that can detect and block SQL injection attempts.
Additionally, escaping special characters in user inputs can prevent attackers from breaking out of the intended context. However, this should not be relied upon solely as different DBMS handle escapes differently.
Lastly, limiting database permissions ensures even if an attack occurs, damage is minimized. Only necessary privileges should be granted to applications connecting to your database.
