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What is the role of AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) in CodeCommit and how does it control access to repositories?

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AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) plays a crucial role in CodeCommit by managing access control to repositories. It achieves this through IAM policies, which define permissions for users, groups, and roles. These policies determine the actions that can be performed on specific resources, such as creating, updating, or deleting repositories.

IAM enables fine-grained access control by allowing administrators to create custom policies tailored to individual user needs. For example, a policy could grant read-only access to certain repositories while providing full access to others. Additionally, IAM supports temporary security credentials, enabling secure access for third-party applications and short-term collaboration.

By integrating with other AWS services like CloudTrail, IAM also helps maintain an audit trail of all repository-related activities, ensuring compliance and security best practices are followed.
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