Memcached is a general-purpose free and open source, high performance, distributed memory object caching system. It is used to speed up database-driven websites by caching data and objects in RAM.
In simple words, you can say that Memcached is a component which stores data temporally for 1hour/ 6 hour/ 12 hours/ 1 day, etc. and you can integrate this component with your applications to increase their performance.