In Azure Data Factory, the main difference between the Mapping data flow and the Wrangling data flow transformation activities is as follows:
The Mapping data flow activity is a visually designed data transformation activity that facilitates users to design graphical data transformation logic. It doesn't need the users to be expert developers. It is executed as an activity within the ADF pipeline on an ADF fully managed scaled-out Spark cluster.
On the other hand, the Wrangling data flow activity is a code-free data preparation activity. It is integrated with Power Query Online to make the Power Query M functions available for data wrangling using spark execution.