Each project has a corresponding POM file that is located in the root directory.
Whenever a goal (a specific build task) has to be executed, Maven looks for the configuration details in POM.
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Project details can be represented in the form of XML file called pom.xml.
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It is the fundamental unit that contains information about the project.
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It holds all the resources required for a build such as source code location, test source, dependency details such as external or internal dependency etc.